This study documents variation in the French of Terrebonne and Lafourche Parishes, Louisiana, seeking possible correspondence between language variation and ethnicity or geographic origin of the speaker. In doing so the study seeks to document the French of a long-neglected Francophone community, the American Indians of South Louisiana. Both general and scholarly presentations of francophone Louisiana have tended to stress the Acadian ancestry of Louisiana French, thereby misrepresenting the complexity of Louisiana's linguistic and ethnic makeup. Native American francophones have been particularly neglected by researchers, under the assumption, untested, that they have fully assimilated to their white (Cajun) neighbours, including the adoption a French identical to theirs in the 19th century as a result of extensive contact and intermarriage The study is based on extensive ethnolinguistic fieldwork conducted over a nearly three-year period from January of 2006 until the fall of 2008. Data were collected in two parts. The first was an extensive sociolinguistic interview, comprising a translation exercise and a long sociolinguistic questionnaire that collected a sample of casual speech in addition to demographic information. The second was a perception exercise in which informants were asked to listen to sound clips and guess the ethnic and regional affiliation of the speaker. Both these elements were buttressed by extensive participant observation The results reveal a complex interplay between ethnic and geographic variation in the region. While no features emerged that were unique to Louisiana (whether to Indians or Cajuns), a general pattern exists that distinguishes Indians from Cajuns and links the Indian communities to each other. Moreover, there is additional variation within both the Indian and Cajun communities, with Indians attesting more internal variation than Cajuns and each Indian community distinguishing itself in some way---if not several ways---from the others. The town of Dulac/Grand Caillou further emerged as the source of many of the Indian patterns of speech. Finally, the perception test revealed a tendency within the area to minimize the importance of recognized variation, and moreover revealed a possible lowering of long-held barriers between ethnic groups in the region