Isolation and characterization of human amniotic fluid and amniotic membrane cells
Description
Amniotic fluid (AF) and amniotic membrane (AM) have been identified as potential new sources of stem cells. While numerous studies have confirmed the presence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in AM cells, limited research exists regarding full-term AF cells. The goal of this research was to assess the ability to process full-term AF and AM and characterize cell populations isolated from these sources. Specifically, their MSC capability was explored by studying their stemness marker expression, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential, and ability to proliferate and form colonies. AF and AM samples were obtained from consenting donors who underwent elected Cesarean sections. Flow cytometry analysis showed positive expression of MSC markers in AF and AM cells. AF and AM cells exhibited proliferative and colony-forming capabilities. AM cells differentiated into mature adipocytes, whereas AF cells showed morphological changes but not mature differentiation. These findings confirm the feasibility of collecting and processing AF and AM samples at the time of delivery for stem cells. Although there is variability among AF and AM samples in terms of proliferative and colony-forming capabilities, as well as AM cells differentiation potential. Further research and optimization of methods is needed to better characterize the cell types, including MSCs, present in AF and AM.